The production of smallpox vaccine was one of the key areas of work of the Bacteriological Institute / Pathological Institute. The process involved inoculating the vaccine virus, vaccinia, onto the belly skin of a calf and then harvesting the vaccine about two weeks later. The concerted smallpox vaccination campaigns around the world were so successful that smallpox was eradicated in 1979. Vaccination against smallpox is now no longer needed. On display is the moment of inoculating the calf, as shown by life-size models and a genuine calf table.