膀胱鏡 Brown - Buerger Cystoscope
製造商 Manufacturer： American Cystoscope Makers, Inc.
生產日期 Manufacture date： 1950s
類別 Category： 診斷與治療 Diagnostic and treatment
製造商 Manufacturer： American Cystoscope Makers, Inc.
生產日期 Manufacture date： 1950s
類別 Category： 診斷與治療 Diagnostic and treatment
Brown-Buerger套裝膀胱鏡連原裝木盒。
這套老式膀胱鏡曾經用於檢查尿道和膀胱的內部，進行膀胱手術，以及將導管插入輸尿管。
這套老式膀胱鏡曾經用於檢查尿道和膀胱的內部，進行膀胱手術，以及將導管插入輸尿管。
Brown-Buerger cystoscope set in original wooden box.
This set of vintage cystoscopes was for examination of the interior of the urethra and bladder, carrying out bladder operations, and catheterisation of the ureters.
This set of vintage cystoscopes was for examination of the interior of the urethra and bladder, carrying out bladder operations, and catheterisation of the ureters.
整套膀胱鏡包括 It consists of:
鞘管 Sheaths
兩枝鞘管，一枝向上彎拐，另一枝向下彎拐。鞘管遠端有小燈泡，頂端有連接光源的燈柱。小水龍頭（旋塞閥）用於控制沖洗膀胱的水流。
Two sheaths: one bent concave, one convex. Each sheath has a small bulb at the distal end, and at the top end a light post that connects with the light source. Small taps (stopcocks) are for controlling the flow of water for irrigating the bladder.
閉孔器 Obturator
閉孔器要先固定在鞘管中才將鞘管插入尿道。閉孔器的鈍圓頭可防止在插入過程中令尿道受損。
The obturator is secured in the sheath before the sheath is inserted into the urethra. The blunt rounded tip of the obturator prevents damage to the urethra during insertion.
膀胱鏡鏡頭 (透鏡系統) Cystoscope lens (lens system)
兩枝均配有黑色目鏡的膀胱鏡鏡頭：一枝只用於觀察，另一枝則用於膀胱手術和輸尿管插管「可互換膀胱鏡」。這鏡在尖端附近有一個偏轉器（Albarran 偏轉器），有助於將導管偏轉入輸尿管中。
Two lenses, both with black eyepiece; one for examination (examining cystoscope), and one for conducting operations in the bladder and catheterising the ureters (convertible cystoscope). This cystoscope lens has a deflector (Albarran lever) near the tip to help deflect the catheters into the ureters.
配件 Accessories
配件包括一小瓶油脂、鞘管清潔棒、電線、「Bugbee電極」、備用燈泡和導管夾。
Accessories include a pot of grease, a cleaning rod for the sheath, an electrical cable, “Bugbee electrodes”, spare bulbs, and catheter clip.
設計 Design
1899 年，外科醫生Frederic Tilden Brown (1853-1910) 使用兩種不同的透鏡系統來觀察膀胱。為避免將儀器多次插入尿道，兩套鏡頭可以在同一鞘管進行交換使用。
後來，泌尿科醫生Leo Buerger (1879-1943) 擴展了Brown的想法，將鞘管更改了一點，讓更多不同的儀器可以穿過同一鞘管。
1907年，Brown-Buerger 膀胱鏡推出，成為標準儀器，直到 70 年代被光纖照明和現代鏡頭系統所取代。
後來，泌尿科醫生Leo Buerger (1879-1943) 擴展了Brown的想法，將鞘管更改了一點，讓更多不同的儀器可以穿過同一鞘管。
1907年，Brown-Buerger 膀胱鏡推出，成為標準儀器，直到 70 年代被光纖照明和現代鏡頭系統所取代。
In 1899, Frederic Tilden Brown (1853-1910), a surgeon, used two different lens systems to visualize the bladder. These lens systems could be swapped over using the same sheath to prevent re-instrumentation of the urethra.
Later, urologist Leo Buerger (1879-1943) expanded on this idea and made certain changes to the sheath.
The Brown-Buerger cystoscope was introduced in 1907, and became a standard instrument until fibreoptic illumination and modern lens systems replaced it in the 1970s.
Later, urologist Leo Buerger (1879-1943) expanded on this idea and made certain changes to the sheath.
The Brown-Buerger cystoscope was introduced in 1907, and became a standard instrument until fibreoptic illumination and modern lens systems replaced it in the 1970s.
製造商ACMI目錄的背面
The back matter of a catalogue produced by American Cystoscope Makers Inc. (ACMI)
